Advanced Placement (AP) English Literature Practice Exam

Which of the following best describes a balanced sentence?

1. A sentence with an equal number of clauses and phrases

2. A sentence that has a direct and informal tone

3. A sentence where phrases or clauses are of similar structure

4. A sentence that lacks any forms of parallelism

The correct answer is: A sentence where phrases or clauses are of similar structure

A balanced sentence is one that employs parallel structure, where phrases or clauses have similar grammatical structures. This similarity enhances clarity and rhythm, allowing the writer to convey ideas more effectively. In a balanced sentence, both halves complement each other and create a harmonious flow of information, making the sentence more persuasive or memorable. For instance, when using a structure like "To err is human; to forgive, divine," both parts of the sentence are balanced in structure, which enhances the thematic connection between the ideas presented. This characteristic is distinct in that it emphasizes comparison or contrast between the ideas expressed, enhancing their overall impact. Other options do not capture this essential quality of a balanced sentence, as they either misinterpret the requirements of balance, focus on tone rather than structure, or suggest a lack of parallelism, which directly contradicts the definition of a balanced sentence.