Advanced Placement (AP) English Literature Practice Exam

How do Modernist writers typically structure their stories?

1. With a clear exposition and resolution

2. Using a linear and straightforward plot

3. Reflecting fragmentation and leaving readers with open-ended conclusions

4. Focusing on character arcs with clear development

The correct answer is: Reflecting fragmentation and leaving readers with open-ended conclusions

Modernist writers often structure their stories in a way that emphasizes fragmentation and open-ended conclusions, which reflects the complexities and uncertainties of modern life. This approach diverges from traditional narrative forms, which generally favor clear beginnings, middles, and ends, as well as definitive resolutions. In contrast, Modernist works might present disjointed narratives, non-linear timelines, and fluctuating perspectives that require readers to piece together the meaning on their own. By leaving conclusions open-ended, Modernist stories evoke a sense of ambiguity and invite readers to engage deeply with themes of alienation, existentialism, and the nature of reality. This method encourages readers to explore their interpretations while grappling with the fragmented nature of the characters' experiences and the broader social context. Thus, the focus on fragmentation and open-endedness is a hallmark of Modernist literature, reflecting a departure from more conventional narrative structures.